... and regulatory aspects are: insufficient legal punishment and penalties, inefficient procurement process, the absence of effective control mechanism, lack of legal awareness and the lack of anti-corruption policies implementation that is invariably opening up opportunities for corrupt activities to take place...

... implement and enforce these anti-corruption policies? Specifically, the authors look at the laws adopted in different developing countries to deal with issues related to corruption. Design/methodology/approach The authors use the qualitative approach to examine the causes of recent corruption among...