... individuals’ wellbeing. Fraud’s impact on victims goes beyond financial hardship. It could result in stress, anger, upset, worries, fear of future victimisation, shame, loss of self-esteem, health deterioration, loss of confidence in financial matters, suicide ideation, unemployment, homelessness, less...

...Branislav Hock; Mark Button Purpose Pyramid schemes create an unusual situation, where the victims might be effectively turned into offenders, as their role is to recruit more victims to the pyramid scheme. This paper aims to investigate the prevalence of pyramid schemes, their modern forms...

...Shalini Nataraj-Hansen; Kelly Richards Purpose Victims of online fraud face a high level of blame from their families, friends, professionals, the broader community and often from themselves. Victims are commonly perceived as stupid, gullible and undeserving of justice. The reasons...

..., it is commonplace for communication about the payment of invoices to be facilitated via email. Unfortunately for the victims, by the time the fraudulent transaction has been identified, it is likely that the offenders will have withdrawn the funds (Zweighaft, 2017). The ability for an offender to successfully...

... data which profiled perpetrators, victims, losses and elements of financial pressure, opportunity, capability and rationalization. A total of 109 responses were analyzed through ordinary least squares regressions. Findings The study found that apart from organizational and individual level...