... for proactive, prompt policy interventions to mitigate uncertainty, even in moderate geopolitical shifts. Originality/value While previous studies have captured the impact of GPRs on investment, this paper addresses the issue of asymmetry and nonlinearity in the effects of GPRs on investment, which has...

... and decreases in inflation rates separately for the USA. Symmetries and asymmetries are technically explained in the next section of the study. Decomposed π t + and π t - are constructed with the concept of partial sum process as follows: Serdar Ongan can be contacted...

.../methodology/approach – After having dissected into expected and unexpected components, the effects of trade volume and open interest on volatility are tested. A new interaction term is also added to measure asymmetry. Four commodities, namely, cumin, soy oil and pepper in food commodity category and guar...