... region of South Korea, were investigated in this research. The temperatures inside three tunnels (one short tunnel and two medium-length tunnels) were measured during the winter season (November to March) using iButton sensors installed on the surface of the tunnel linings at a height of 2 m from...

... are described brie¯y. The basements varied in depth between 6 and 16 m and had between one and three levels of struts. The loads in the struts were monitored during excavation and construction of the permanent works. Temperatures were also monitored. The results of this monitoring are presented and compared...

... MONITORING BEHAVIOUR TESTS TESTING CONSTRUCTION CLAYS BOREHOLES GROUTING BORES EXCAVATION GAUGES INSTRUMENTS CONCRETING POST CONCRETING TEMPERATURE CONCRETE MAGNETIC EXTENSOMETERS STRESS LOADS RAILWAYS ROADS MASS TRANSPORT CITIES COUNTRIES DEVELOPING BANGKOK THAILAND...

... GEOTECHNICS DESIGN STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS TEMPORARY PROPPING BEHAVIOUR PROPS SITES SUPPORTS SOILS STRENGTH TEMPERATURE EFFECT WALLS SAFETY PILES PILING DIAPHRAGM MOORGATE KINGS STREET CHINGFORD LONDON UK Loads onstruts in excavations Introducers M. Stroud, MA(Cantab),PhD, MICE...

... CRITICAL DEPTH PLACING TEMPERATURE STRESS HORIZONTAL INSTALLATION UNDERWATER CONCRETING CONSTRUCTION INSTRUMENTS INSTRUMENTATION CELLS PIEZOMETERS EARTH EXCAVATIONS CLAYS GAULT CLAY CALIBRATION SUBWAYS BEHAVIOUR LION YARD CAMBRIDGE TELEFONHUSET OSLO SEVILLE UK NORWAY...