Geosynthetic-reinforced pile-supported embankments: state of the art

Geosynthetic-reinforced pile-supported embankments have been increasingly used worldwide to support earth structures. A significant amount of research has been conducted by many researchers and engineers in recent years. This paper provides a state-of-the-art review of this technology, and of important developments and results obtained throughout the years that help to better understand the mechanisms that play an important role in the design, construction, and performance of these systems. This paper begins with terminologies and historical developments. It then focuses on load transfer mechanisms and practical design and proposes topics for future research. The supplemental material gives tips for construction details and instrumentation for performance evaluation.