... long-term rheological processing remain unclear. In this study, the stepped isothermal method ( SIM ) was used to perform creep tests under different constant loads, and stress relaxation tests were conducted under different initial strains and strain rates. The creep test results show that SPGCs...

...-soft particle mixtures. To consider the creep effect, the overburden pressure at the final loading step is maintained on the sample for 24 h prior to unloading. The results show that at a given overburden pressure, with the addition of soft particles to the pure rigid aggregates, the values...

... the advantage of using product-specific constant-load creep test results to maximise margins of safety for strength and stiffness limit states in both deterministic and probabilistic frameworks. Geosynthetics Reinforced fill Void Sinkhole Cavity Limit states Deterministic analysis Probabilistic...

... structure. No collapse or limiting state occurred. The 1-week creep buckling resistance was found to be nearly four times the factored column demand to 1-week loading for both module types. New insight into the time-dependent behaviour of the soil–structure system was gained by comparing the buried response...

...F.M. Naftchali; R.J. Bathurst Analytical solutions for geosynthetic reinforced fills over a void have appeared in the literature starting in the 1980s. Current solutions pay little or no attention to the influence of the creep-reduced stiffness of the geosynthetic reinforcement under tensile...

...N. Nuntapanich; W. Kongkitkul; F. Tatsuoka; P. Jongpradist Evaluation of creep behaviour of polymer geosynthetic reinforcement is important for predicting the long-term performance of geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) structures and determining the creep reduction factor of geosynthetic...

... was investigated using conventional creep and creep rupture tests. Reduction factors for installation damage, creep and their combined effect were computed. The main aim of the paper was to assess how the long-term response of the geosynthetics was influenced by installation damage and whether it would...

... explanations of the model framework together with the constitutive equations. The algorithms to simulate behaviours in three basic modes, constant strain rate monotonic loading, creep loading and load relaxation, are presented. A working example in Microsoft Excel with a user-defined Microsoft Visual Basic...

...H. Liu; J. Martinez ABSTRACT: Creep behavior is among the critical properties of soil–geomembrane interfaces. However, there have been very limited studies in this area. In this study, one smooth and one textured high density polyethylene geomembrane were tested for their frictional characteristics...

... decades including both experimental work and numerical studies. However, the creep effects of the geosynthetic layer were not investigated in these studies. This paper presents a numerical analysis carried out on a GRPS embankment based on the finite-element method including the creep effects...

... describes how to compute bias statistics from product-specific laboratory creep tests for the reinforcement rupture limit state. A database of results from creep tests on 94 different geosynthetic products was collected from 21 different sources. A total of 1086 in-air tensile test results and 540 creep...

... maximum geogrid force at the end of the design lifetime is substantially lower than the respective design tensile rupture strengths, it is estimated that creep rupture failure of the geogrid is utterly unlikely. The analysis suggests that these estimates are also relevant when the lifetime is 100 years...

... at the temperature of 43^oC. For the long-term compressive creep behavior, three accelerated creep test methods were used in the evaluation: stepped isothermal method (SIM), time–temperature superposition (TTS), and time–temperature–stress superposition (TTSS). The results from these three tests were...

...W. Kongkitkul; F. Tatsuoka; D. Hirakawa The viscous property of polymer geosynthetic reinforcement, which causes creep deformation, is first summarised. The creep deformation and associated creep rupture characteristics, when subjected to long-term sustained loading under the following three...

... that the compressive strength decreases linearly with inclined angle, whereas the compressive strain increases. The long-term compressive behavior (i.e. creep) was evaluated using the stepped isothermal method (SIM) at applied stresses of 10%, 20% and 30% of the normal compressive strength. The creep strain increases...

... of long-term sustained loading (SL) tests at a fixed temperature as well as simulations of monotonic loading and sustained loading at different elevated temperatures in time-temperature superposition (TTS) and stepped isothermal method (SIM) tests. The procedures to obtain the master creep strain...

...K. Kazimierowicz-Frankowska The time-dependent behaviour of geosynthetics is characterised by creep and relaxation curves. The isochronous curves derived from creep results are sometimes used to predict the relaxation behaviour of geosynthetics. The validity and precision of such an approach...

...S. M. Merry; J. D. Bray; S. Yoshitomi In this study, an axisymmetric tension test apparatus that is capable of performing constant-stress creep tests was used to compare the creep response of new and old HDPE geomembranes. Thirty-six-hour constant-stress creep tests were performed on new (about one...

... are discussed. It is concluded that the partial consolidation provided by PVDs and the tension mobilized in reinforcement can substantially increase embankment stability. However, creep of geosynthetics can decrease the embankment failure height. The mobilization of reinforcement during and after embankment...

.... Christensen (1981) showed that the residual strength of geosynthetic reinforcement is insensitive to the previous application of constant stress as long as the time period of constant stress application is not close to the ultimate lifetime for creep rupture. Moreover, Hirakawa et al. (2003...