... were modelled using FLAC cable elements with the front end of each reinforcement layer fixed to the back of the facing unit (Yu et al. 2015a , 2015b , 2016a , 2016b). The reinforcement axial stiffness was taken to be a constant value equal to a secant tensile stiffness of the geogrid...

... program SAGE (Static Analysis of Geotechnical Engineering Problems) (Bentler et al. 1999), which provides for efficient analysis of consolidation problems in two dimensions. First, an axisymmetric drained analysis was performed using SAGE, and the results are in excellent agreement with the FLAC...

... Industrial Fabrics Association International, 1801 County Road B West, Roseville, Minnesota 55113-4061, USA, Telephone: 1/612-222-2508, Telefax: 1/612-631-9334 2001 geosynthetics Block wall External stability Failure mechanism FLAC Interface effect Internal stability MSE wall Technical Paper...

... Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC) was used to carry out the numerical experiments. Numerical results illustrate that the seismic response of the wall is very different when constructed with a base that allows the wall and soil to slide freely and when the wall is constrained to rotate only about the toe...