...J.P. Giroud; J.P. Gourc; E. Kavazanjian ABSTRACT: This paper shows that two physical characteristics of geosynthetic drains can be significantly affected by the flow boundaries: the specific surface area and the average flow path diameter. These two physical characteristics are important, because...

...J.P. Gourc; J.P. Giroud; V. Aubert ABSTRACT: This technical note presents a theoretical model for laminar and non-laminar flow through porous media. The relationship between hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic gradient expressed by the model is in good agreement with the results of hydraulic...

... that the flow is non-laminar. Despite the non-laminar nature of flow in these materials, Darcy's equation and equations derived from Darcy's equation are extensively used for the design of geosynthetic and granular drainage systems, even though these equations are strictly valid only for laminar flow. Therefore...

...N. Touze-Foltz; J. P. Giroud This technical note presents empirical equations for the evaluation of the rate of advective flow through composite liners, i.e. liners comprising a geomembrane and a low-permeability soil layer. The advective flow considered is due to large circular defects...

...J. P. Giroud; N. Touze-Foltz This paper presents equations for calculating the rate of liquid flow through defects in the geomembrane component of a composite liner. The considered defects have a uniform width and have a length that is finite or infinite. Two types of defects are considered: narrow...

... © 2004 Thomas Telford Ltd 2004 Geosynthetics Geosynthetic clay liner Geomembrane Bentonite Flow Liquid Water Migration Hydration Leakage Defect Containment Liner system Barrier Hydraulic conductivity In the analyses presented in Sections 2 and 3 of this paper...

... and are overlain by a welded geomembrane. Water can migrate from the underlying soil into the bentonite of the overlaps, flow in the bentonite, and migrate laterally in the bentonite between the two geomembranes. Water is driven from the soil to the bentonite by a head difference that results in great part from...

...J. P. Giroud; A. Zhao; H. M. Tomlinson; J. G. Zornberg The focus of this paper is on applications (e.g. some leachate collection layers in landfills) where a drainage system consists of a geocomposite overlain by a sand layer. If the geocomposite does not have sufficient flow capacity to convey all...

...N. Touze-Foltz; J. P. Giroud This paper presents empirical equations for the evaluation of advective flow rates through composite liners (i.e. liners comprising a geomembrane and a low-permeability soil layer). The advective flow is due to defects in the geomembrane and depends on contact...