... resulting from d and frost heave force. Furthermore, the hysteresis of s, d, σ_h, and ε with T_R was discussed and several beneficial suggestions were proposed for GRS walls to avoid such FT destruction. Geosynthetics GRS walls...

... of the unsaturated porous media that incorporate hysteresis are examined. The numerical procedure is used to model infiltration into a sand column containing a geotextile layer, and the numerical results are compared with the experimental data. To provide insight into the hydraulic behaviour of these systems...

... of the geogrid materials is characterized using two distinct features of the cyclic response: 1) non-linear hysteresis unload-reload loops; and 2) a load-strain cap that contains all hysteresis curves. The cyclic load-strain response of the HDPE and PET geogrid specimens is demonstrated to be significantly...