... thus formed is typically used to contain a liquid, such as water or leachate. If there is a defect in the upper geomembrane, some of the liquid initially contained above the upper geomembrane migrates into the bentonite. Similarly, if there is a defect in the lower geomembrane, some of the liquid...

... the collected liquid, a fraction of the liquid flows in the sand layer. In such drainage systems, the maximum liquid thickness should be calculated to check that the flow capacity of the sand is not exceeded, and the maximum head should be calculated to check that it is less than the maximum head prescribed...