...N. Akel; A. Wautier; G. Stoltz; F. Nicot; N. Touze This paper presents a multiscale analysis of the mechanical behavior of polyvinyl chloride ( PVC ) geomembranes under uniaxial tensile loading using a 3D Discrete Element Method ( DEM )-based model that incorporates microstructural characteristics...

... tests were carried out on as-compacted specimens and specimens subjected to 10 FT cycles. Scanning electron microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance tests were performed to reveal the microstructural characteristics. Test results indicate that the inclusion of lignin fibers leads to a significant...

... to reach the complete dissolution of carbonate, rinsed, drained, and oven-dried. The difference in dried mass before and after this process gives the mass of calcium carbonate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for the characterization of the microstructure of all sand-fiber mixtures (i.e...