... processing the data gathered from the newly developed experimental system led to well defined manifestations of the load transfer mechanisms, including the deflection patterns in geogrid ribs and shear bands within the soil mass. Figure 1. A sample of transparent soil confining a biaxial geogrid...

... with using only horizontal reinforcement. 18 5 2011 7 1 2013 8 3 2013 © 2013 Thomas Telford Ltd 2013 Geosynthetics Horizontal–vertical (H–V) reinforcing element Reinforced soil Plane strain test Discrete-element method Shear band The deviatoric stress–axial strain...

... into a shear band or bands having a thickness in proportional to the particle size. The FEM simulation for both unreinforced and reinforced sand slopes was generally in good agreement with the physical experimental results with respect to the load–settlement relationships, the strain fields showing failure...

... into a shear band(s) having a width proportional to the particle size. Simulated load-settlement relationships were generally in good agreement with the physical experimental results. The strain and stress fields obtained from the FEM analysis clearly reveal that the ground failure is extremely progressive...

... box, Shear band, Plane strain. AUTHORS: J.C. Morel, Laboratoire Géomatériaux-DGCB-URA 1652, Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l Etat, Rue Maurice Audin, 69 518 Vaulx-en-Velin cedex, France, Telephone: 33/4-72-04-70-67, Telefax: 33/4-72-04-71-56, E-mail: jeanclaude.morel@entpe.fr; and J.P. Gourc...