Particle breakage and the critical state of sands Available to Purchase

A series of triaxial tests were conducted to investigate the characteristics of the critical state loci (CSLs) of original and pre-crushed sands. The results of the original sand showed that the CSL was divided into two segments by a particle breakage reference stress (0·7 MPa) not only in the e–logp′ plane but also in the q–p′ plane. The results from the pre-crushed sands revealed that particle breakage resulted in a downward translation and an anticlockwise rotation of the CSL in the e–logp′ plane. However, in the q–p′ plane, all the critical state points were on the initial CSL, but with different evolutions against particle breakage for drained and undrained tests.