... the threshold where stress influence zones of inclusions significantly overlap. Below this threshold, initial hierarchy loss can recover during subsequent drying. Once exceeded, the hierarchical breakdown is permanent. The degradation and recovery of hierarchy are fundamentally governed by the evolution...

...M. Talesnick; I. Omer; M. Ghafghazi Data from simple shear testing can be significantly enhanced through implementation of local, in-soil measurement of shear stress and shear strain. Use of such tools circumvents difficulties in dealing with data collected through measurements made at the specimen...

...G. T. Houlsby; A. Amorosi; E. Rojas The elastic behaviour of granular materials is non-linear, in that the small-strain tangent stiffness depends on the stress level. The elastic moduli typically vary as power functions of the mean stress. Simple models of this nonlinearity can result in behaviour...

...) . The incremental behaviour of the above system can be described by a plasticity model with two kinematic hardening yield surfaces in a two-dimensional stress space (Fig. 2): Mroz (1967) used the non-intersection condition in formulating the translation rule for his model, which was the first to use multiple...

..., if g₃ is also linear in the stresses then there is no elastic–plastic coupling and it is always possible (again by suitablechoice of α_{ij) to choose g3 = −σij: (2) g ( σ i j ,   α i j ) = g 1 ( σ i j ) + g}...