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Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (2025)
Published: 23 September 2025
... the main parameter required for geotechnical design and usually obtained by laboratory tests. However, when using standard laboratory equipment there is an upper limit to the size of particle that can be tested, rendering such apparatus inappropriate for obtaining the shear parameters of recycled aggregate...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (2024) 177 (3): 203–210.
Published: 05 June 2023
...) for controlling the onset of instability of sand. Constant shear-drained experiments were carried out on mixtures of sand and TCr to understand the onset of instability. Conventional drained shear tests were carried out on all samples up to a deviator stress of 200 kPa. The CSD tests were then carried out...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (2006) 10 (2): 69–76.
Published: 01 April 2006
...). Advantages and limitations of the SJM method are summarised. To examine the quality of construction, cylindrical SJM specimens were recovered at the site, and field and laboratory tests were conducted. It is found that the jet-sounding technique is a simple and economical measure to estimate the effective...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (2001) 5 (1): 23–34.
Published: 01 January 2001
... are to use waste material or to produce a new binder with better properties. Blending binders does not automatically result in a stabilising agent with better properties; in fact, the reverse might be the case. Results from several tests indicate that blended binders perform better than single binders...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (2001) 5 (2): 69–74.
Published: 01 January 2001
..., soil-cement columns were fabricated with mechanical deep-mixing method. Fourteen days after construction, 50 mm-diameter cylindrical specimens were drilled from the site and then tested in the laboratory. Based on the experimental results it is found that the recovery ratio varies from 71% to 90...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (2000) 4 (3): 91–110.
Published: 01 January 2000
.... This paper, in conjunction with the previous ones in this series, aims to characterize the geomaterial behaviour of deep mixing (DM) under various loading and environmental conditions using laboratory testing methods. These testing methods include unconfined and triaxial compression tests; direct shear tests...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (2000) 4 (1): 37–45.
Published: 01 January 2000
... been studied. Atterberg limits clay lime testing Lime has been extensively used to improve the engineering properties of ne-grained soils. Generally, plasticity and strength properties are improved by the lime treatment. Small amounts of lime are needed for this modi cation...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (1999) 3 (4): 163–167.
Published: 01 October 1999
..., as the addition of lime beyond the optimum lime content may not be beneficial or economically viable. This paper examines the use of sodium salts to enhance the effect of lime on fly ash. Based on unconfined compression strength tests on a compacted fly-ash–lime–salt specimen, it has been shown that sodium salts...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (1999) 3 (3): 119–134.
Published: 01 July 1999
...A. Al-Tabbaa; C. W. Evans The interpretation of the results of full-scale testing of treated contaminated ground and the correlation of these results with those from laboratory treatability studies are complex because of site heterogeneities, both in terms of the soils and the contaminants...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (1999) 3 (1): 1–6.
Published: 01 January 1999
... and compressive strength criteria. As no freezing is experienced in this region of the world, it was decided to concentrate on wet–dry durability. This test is time-consuming and depends to a great extent on the skill and consistency of the operator. This might affect its reliability and reproducibility...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (1999) 3 (1): 21–30.
Published: 01 January 1999
...N. C. Consoli; P. D. M. Prietto; L. A. Ulbrich Triaxial compression tests with internal measurement of deformation and scanning electron microscopy were carried out to evaluate the effect of randomly distributed glass fibre reinforcement and cement content on the response of a sandy soil to load...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (1998) 2 (4): 157–163.
Published: 01 October 1998
...Z. Meyer; T. Kozłowski The authors of this study provide the mathematical description of laboratory tests in an oedometer and in a triaxial compression apparatus, which allows the estimation of formulas to calculate the Poisson coefficient in organic soils with elastoplastic properties. By loading...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (1998) 2 (1): 27–32.
Published: 01 January 1998
... the maximum dry density and strength. At about the lime ®xation point the effect is in between the two extremes. Keywords : Clay; lime; testing Il est inutile d'insister sur l'importance du point de ®xation de la chaux pour assurer la reÂsistance d'un sol aÁ grains ®ns. L'ameÂlioration de la reÂsistance dans...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (1997) 1 (4): 193–214.
Published: 01 October 1997
... engineering is brie¯y highlighted. Keywords : Anchors & anchorages; chemical grouting; compaction grouting; contaminated ground; deep soil mixing; ®eld testing & monitoring; freezing; geosynthetic reinforcement; heating; jet grouting; lime; micro piles; plant & equipment; preloading; retaining walls; slurry...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (1997) 1 (3): 169–175.
Published: 01 July 1997
... shown that at very low lime contents, suf®cient strength can be achieved for a soil±reactive ¯y ash mixture; this cannot be attained for soils without ¯y ash. Keywords : Clay; lime; testing La reÂsistance des sols argileux peut eÃtre modi®eÂe en leur ajoutant de la cendre volante. De nombreuses...
Journal Articles
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement (1997) 1 (1): 59–64.
Published: 01 January 1997
... between 20·C and 30·C at different time intervals during the constant loading tests. It has been found that creep strain is temperature sensitive at nominal silicate concentrations of 40% to 60% by volume and both the magnitude of creep strain and its rate increase with increase in temperature and vice...

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