Digital transformation (DT) is a significant process for advancing operational productivity and service delivery across various sectors, including healthcare. Hence, this research aims to identify critical success factors (CSFs) based on the technological, organizational and environmental framework for implementing DT in healthcare.
The study used multiple methods to identify CSFs. Factors for DT adoption in hospitals were identified through a literature review and expert opinions. Two questionnaires were used for interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory techniques (DEMATEL) to evaluate these factors through interviews with 13 healthcare experts in India, having 5 years of experience in supply chain, administration and operations.
The ISM analysis revealed a four-level hierarchical structure of 11 interconnected factors. The results revealed that leadership commitment and public–private partnerships emerged as key DT drivers. DEMATEL analysis showed that change management and organizational behaviour were influential factors.
A primary limitation of this study is that the findings are based on the Indian healthcare context, which may limit their applicability to global healthcare settings.
Healthcare managers can utilize the identified CSFs as a strategic guide to prioritize digital initiatives that enhance operational efficiency and align with broader sustainability objectives, thereby ensuring responsible and future-ready transformation strategies.
The study brings novelty by pinpointing the CSFs that drive effective DT in Indian hospitals.
