... tested and evaluated by using SmartPLS v.4 and partial least squares-structural equation modelling. Findings The study results indicated that bullying is common among senior managers, and that it has a significant, negative, high-level and direct effect on the independence of internal auditors...

.../approach A total of 262 samples are collected from Islamic banking practitioners in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and data analysis is conducted using structural equation modelling (SEM) with a confirmatory approach. Findings The empirical findings indicate that decision-making behaviour related...

.... The researcher uses structural equation modeling to analyze the data. Findings The research concludes that customer demandingness positively affects awareness effort, awareness effort positively affects self-efficacy, self-efficacy positively affects performance and image positively affects salespersons...

.... Questionnaire is used as an instrument. The study uses structural equation modeling that includes confirmatory factor analysis and regression analysis. Data are codified and analyzed using SPSS and Amos. Findings This study finds that Islamic banks are providing interest free services, ensuring...