... F14 F53 Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) are continually emerging, and, to date, according to reports (WTO, 2023), there are 357 FTA notifications to the World Trade Organization (WTO). The WTO has allowed its members to conclude FTAs via Article XXIV of the GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs...

.... Brazil Developing countries Vertical integration Partial equilibrium Instant coffee supply chain Non-tariff barriers F13 F14 Between 2012 and 2016, the coffee production chain in Brazil experienced an expressive drop in robusta coffee (coffea canephora) production, the main...

... market countries as defined by the International Monetary Fund and the United Nations. Although this article does not focus on wages, the concept of skill premium acts as an important link to the economic literature on the labour market impacts of trade creation and diversion. F14 F16 F66...

...) Mega-regional trade agreements (MRTAs) Non-tariffs barriers (NTBs) Preferential liberalization C68 F14 F15 F17 Ciuriak et al. (2016) estimate that Mexico’s GDP would increase by only about 0.006 per cent, in 2018, generating an economic welfare loss close to US$35m. In 2025...