30-year creep and shrinkage of concrete Available to Purchase

Experimental results of creep, shrinkage, swelling, modulus of elasticity and strength of 18 types of concrete after 30 years are presented. While the compressive strength of dry-stored concrete was greater than that of wet-stored concrete, the modulus of elasticity behaved in the opposite way, suggesting that some of the water within the concrete is capable of withstanding significant load. Shrinkage ranged from 280 to 1460 × 10⁻⁶ and swelling varied from 25 to 35% of shrinkage. The accuracy of five current design methods of estimating 30-year deformation is compared. Most methods fail to recognise the influence of strength of concrete and type of aggregate on creep coefficient, which ranged from 1·2 to 9·2.