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A component model was developed from tests on 24 specimens with the purpose of understanding the shear resistance mechanism and predicting the ultimate shear transfer capacities of reinforced concrete (RC) with any length of crack. Targeted specimens were designed and tested, and analytical studies were performed. The results revealed that the shear resistance mechanism is primarily the development of shear components in a whole shear transfer process of initially uncracked RC after microcracking. Certain components weaken or vanish in completely or partly precracked RC. Expressions based on the component model were proposed to predict the ultimate shear transfer capacities of RC. Satisfactory agreement was achieved between the calculated results and the test data in this study and in the literature.

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