... with R² = 0.993 for compressive strength, R² = 0.993 for split tensile strength and R² = 0.9969 for flexural strength. The model exhibited low prediction errors for these strengths, with root mean square errors...

... and then decreased. The mechanical strength was the highest with 0.05% volume fraction of BF . Compared with BFRC, after 28 days of curing, the uniaxial compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength of the MBFRC increased by approximately 7.1%, 4.8% and 14.9%, respectively...

... and coarse rubber aggregate replacement ratios were tested for cubic compressive strength ( CCS ) and splitting tensile strength after exposure to low temperatures (0°C, −30°C and −60°C) and scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) was used to examine their microstructure. The results showed that the mechanical...

... from real-world CDW rather than the more uniform laboratory-scale waste. Mortar mixes were prepared with 0–100% RFA replacement and their properties, including flow, bulk density, compressive strength, drying shrinkage, porosity, water absorption, sorptivity and resistance to acid and sulfate...

... magnetic resonance. The results showed that the fineness of the GGBFS mainly affected the early properties of the AAC systems. The chemical properties of the GGBFS affected the early and late compressive strengths, but the influence on the late strength was more obvious. The hydration heat evolution...

... of PET particles (0%, 5%, 10% and 15% by sand weight) on the mechanical properties of conventional concrete ( CC ) (target compressive strength f c ′ = 33 MPa) and high-strength concrete ( HSC with 5% microsilica gel + 1% superplasticiser (target f c ′ = 45 MPa...

.... The results showed that a 100% rubber replacement rate reduced the compressive strength by 58.97–80.52%, but significantly enhanced ductility, as evidenced by a 91.49% increase in peak compressive strain. Optimal performance was achieved at a SF dosage of 1–2%, with 1% SF yielding a maximum strength...

... according to IS 10262-2019 (BIS, 2019) to have a target cylinder (150 mm × 300 mm) compressive strength of 25 MPa. The final mix design is shown in Table 1 . The mean 28-day cylinder compressive strength was determined to be 29 MPa with a standard deviation of 1.5 MPa. The stress–strain behaviour...

... that the composite additive significantly enhanced the self-healing efficiency with a synergistic action. The SAP–CSA combination exhibited the most pronounced effect. Cracks with an initial width of 0.18 mm were completely sealed within 30 days and the compressive strength recovery rate reached up to 116...

.... This paper provides region-specific experimental data using locally sourced FA from Sri Lanka and imported ground granulated blast-furnace slag ( GGBFS ). A control mix (100% OPC ), two binary blends and six ternary blends were tested for compressive strength at 3, 7 and 28 days, along with water...

... added to the mixture. Furthermore, as shown in Table 2 , the SP content was adjusted to achieve the required slump range while keeping the w/dm ratio constant. Concrete mixtures were produced using a slag-modified PC, with 32 MPa compressive strength grade (CPII E 32, equivalent to ASTM...

...Sher Khan; Muhammad Masood Rafi; Bruno Briseghella; Humberto Varum The influences of concrete compressive strength (f_c), bar diameter (d_b), concrete cover (c) and water/cement ratio (w/c) on the bond behaviour between thermo-mechanically treated...

... with the concept of sustainable development. The effects of the water/binder ratio (w/b), polyvinyl alcohol powder ( PVAP ) content and aggregate size on the compressive strength and water permeability of RA-PPC were studied in this work. Elymus dahuricus Turcz ( EDT ) was planted on the RA-PPC matrix...

... concrete columns compressive strength concrete structures cracks & cracking ductility industrial solid waste utilisation ultimate bearing capacity UN SDG 9: Industry, innovation and infrastructure Hebei Province Higher Education Institutions Special Research Projects CXZX2025032...

... combined with fly ash ( FA ) and ground granulated blast-furnace slag ( GGBS ) as an SCM to replace Portland cement ( PC ) was evaluated. Mortar cubes incorporating 5–30% BRR were tested for compressive strength. The mixes achieving higher 28-day strengths were further analysed using X-ray diffraction...

... replacement at 0%, 15%, 25%, and 35% to evaluate compressive strength, water permeability and chloride resistance of concrete up to 90 days. Rapid chloride-ion penetration and chloride diffusion were assessed using standard chloride permeability tests. The compressive strength of POFA concretes ranged from 90...

... were observed at 5% SF, but higher SF levels reduced these properties. Compressive strength, ravelling resistance and residual strength were positively influenced by SF but reduced with FA alone. Microstructural analysis revealed that both FA and SF promoted secondary calcium silicate hydrate...

... activated sludge aggregates anaerobic digestion cement mortars compressive strength digested sewage sludge material properties mortar straw sustainability waste management Anaerobic digestion reduced the organic fraction and increased the relative proportion of mineral content, owing...

..., converting its smooth, hydrophobic and unreactive surface into a rough, hydrophilic and reactive one. This modification improved the compatibility of WPE with surrounding cement paste. Mortars containing UFA-coated WPE achieved 26–31% higher compressive strength than those with unmodified WPE . Pore...

... with which to accurately determine the shear strength of concrete. There is provision in different codes for shear strength up to 60 MPa, but there are few studies on concrete with high shear strength. Studies on evaluating the shear strength of concrete over a wide range of compressive strength through...