...Liu Jin; Ping Li; Xiuli Du Numerous studies have indicated the existence of a size effect on the axial compressive behaviour of stirrup-confined concrete columns. However, most of these studies have focused on nominal compressive strength. Investigations of the size effect on the axial strain...

... of the development of critical tensile stresses in the compression region of the beam structure. In this model, confining the concrete compression region with closed stirrups prevented this type of failure. The enhancement of the concrete strength due to the confining influence of the stirrups was utilized to offset...