..., viscoelasticity and cracking. The concrete swelling model is based on concrete properties and temperature and humidity fields, and includes expansion anisotropy due to the stress state. The structural model considers the concrete viscoelastic behaviour and the cracking phenomena. The structural topology can...

...Chyuan-Hwan Jeng; Min Chao Recent studies have revealed the complex characteristics of cracking torques, T_cr, in prestressed concrete (PC). The distribution pattern of the longitudinal prestressing tendons in the cross-section is an important factor, but it is not considered...