...Herbert B. Voelcker This paper summarizes the evolution of mechanical tolerancing practices, the general character of tolerances as they are currently understood, the current state of tolerancing technologies, and the recent surge of activity aimed at rationalizing and “mathematizing” form...

... of the end‐effector. Therefore, if errors are introduced into the model due to various factors, the A matrix of equation (1) needs to be replaced with equation (4) as follows: Wu[ 3 ] mathematically solved δAi and obtained the result shown in equation (7) . Hence, combining...