Risks and potential hazards in utility tunnels for urban areas

This paper is concerned with the risk assessment of person-entry utility tunnels as a fundamental design and operational parameter, analysing the potential hazards for each of the utilities. Accessibility and maintainability of distribution systems are key factors in selecting underground tunnels over other methods of utility distribution. However, underground tunnels present synergistic aspects, becoming highly complex and difficult to manage. Utility tunnels must be designed to minimise the potential for personal injury and illness. Nevertheless, for urban areas utility tunnels are potentially one of the most sustainable urban underground facilities. They must therefore be considered as an option in urban planning, even though their design and operational risks might seem discouraging.