... of 0.1 and 0.2 mmol, respectively. The phases were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (AXS D8 Bruker, Germany) with graphite CuK_α radiation, 2θ in 10°–80° and scan rate of 0.05°/s, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the Ca aluminate/lanthanide metal...

..., with a wavelength λ = 1.5406 Å and a 2θ range of 10–80°. The dimensions and morphology of the materials were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM; Nova NanoSEM, FEI 430). The composition of the samples was measured by energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) coupled with SEM...

... were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, solid diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The composite nanorods consist of monoclinic barium hexahydroxy stannate (BaSn...

... the temperature range of 50–300°C by using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and impedance spectroscopy. The observed conductivities lie in the range of 10⁻⁴–10⁻⁷ S/cm. Maximum conductivity was observed...

... films were deposited onto well-cleaned glass substrates using vacuum evaporation technique. These films were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and UV-visible spectrophotometry to study their microstructural...

... and the powders are characterized for phase, morphology, flowability and particle size using powder X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Hall flow meter, and particle size analyzer. The powder exhibited cubic phase, good flowability, and blocky angular shape. Free...