...) Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. 09 06 2023 20 08 2025 calcium carbonate carbonation cement cementitious materials compressive Strength cost horse gram pod ash microstructure waste This work did not receive any funding...

... demonstrate that Mn₃O₄ MFs are a potential candidate for OER catalytic activity. catalyst electrocatalyst energy conversion hydrothermal method microstructure Mn₃O₄ water splitting Utilizing renewable energy to split water electrolytically stands...