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Keywords: Backsliding
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Journal Articles
Direct Democracy Backsliding, 1955–2024
Available to Purchase
Journal of Political Institutions and Political Economy (2025) 6 (2): 249–276.
Published: 07 July 2025
...John G. Matsusaka Direct democracy backsliding occurs when a government alters its laws to hinder the use of initiatives and referendums. This study develops a measure of direct democracy backsliding, collects the data to calculate it over the last 70 years, and documents several trends...
