...Doaa Althalathini Purpose This study examines how entrepreneurs sustain economic activity under conditions of protracted political domination, where ordinary economic life is systematically constrained and futures are radically uncertain. Focusing on Palestine, the paper reconceptualises...

... This quantitative study uses data collected in the fall of 2022 from 180 Palestinian-owned family companies – 90 were located in Palestine and the other 90 were located in the USA. Using R software, multiple regression analysis was employed to examine the relationships between the constructs that formed the study's...

... to expand internationally; the findings have implications for regional policymaking in developing economy regions. Originality/value The case study investigation focuses on the pharmaceutical industry and SMEs operating within the extreme context of Palestine, thereby contributing insights in an area...