Increases in energy demand and aim for minimum carbon dioxide footprints have escalated the need for more nuclear power plant (NPP) projects worldwide. Most of these upcoming NPPs are designed to be constructed in moderate to severe seismic zones on soft and medium soil deposits, and may therefore experience significant vertical and lateral deformations due to non-uniform loads from the structures and earthquake loading. Combined piled raft foundations (CPRFs) are widely accepted to address these issues without compromising economy and safety. The aim of the present study was to assess the seismic performance of a CPRF to support an upcoming nuclear building in the alluvial deposit of Western India. A three-dimensional finite-difference study using Flac3D software was performed, and the effects of input motion on the responses of the CPRF were evaluated. The input bedrock-level motion was generated using deconvolution analysis in DeepSoil software. The findings from the finite-difference analysis underscore the significant impact of inertial and kinematic soil–structure interaction on the design outcomes of CPRFs. The CPRF was found to meet the stringent design criteria for accommodating such critical megastructures within alluvial soil formations. Ultimately, this study offers invaluable insights to practising engineers, equipping them with essential design parameters for constructing nuclear facilities atop CPRFs.
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15 January 2026
Research Article|
December 01 2025
Case study on seismic analysis of piled raft foundation for nuclear building in Western India
Diptesh Chanda;
Geotechnical Division, Assystem India Limited, Chennai, India; Department of Civil Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
, Mumbai, India
Corresponding author Diptesh Chanda (diptesh279@gmail.com)
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Aniruddha Bhaduri;
Aniruddha Bhaduri
Global Analytics and Advisory (R&D), Guy Carpenter, Marsh McLennan, Mumbai, India; Department of Civil Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
, Mumbai, India
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Deepankar Choudhury
Deepankar Choudhury
Department of Civil Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
, Mumbai, India
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Corresponding author Diptesh Chanda (diptesh279@gmail.com)
Conflicts of interest The authors affirm that there are no known financial interests or personal relationships that could have affected the integrity of the work presented in this paper.
Publisher: Emerald Publishing
Received:
August 28 2024
Accepted:
September 30 2025
Online ISSN: 1751-7702
Print ISSN: 0965-0911
Funding
Funding Group:
- Funding Statement(s): The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding provided by the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited, Mumbai, India for supporting the research described in this manuscript. The project (with codes DRD/CE/DC-1/15-16, Misc Pro code: 15CE242, Pro Code: RD/0215-CENPCIL-109) was awarded to the third author, serving as the project investigator at IIT Bombay.
© 2025 Emerald Publishing Limited
2025
Emerald Publishing Limited
Licensed re-use rights only
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings (2026) 179 (1): 17–30.
Article history
Received:
August 28 2024
Accepted:
September 30 2025
Citation
Chanda D, Bhaduri A, Choudhury D (2026), "Case study on seismic analysis of piled raft foundation for nuclear building in Western India". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings, Vol. 179 No. 1 pp. 17–30, doi: https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.24.00145
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