... and hydrophilic in nature due to the presence of lignin, cellulose, hemi-cellulose, waxes and pectin on their surface. The addition of untreated fibre in cementitious matrix can absorb an enormous amount of water present in the matrix. Moreover, the high pH of cement breaks the fibre structure, which results...

...Jeyanthi Jebamaniraj; Jeyasubramanian Kadarkaraithangam The demand for sustainable construction materials has grown due to increasing environmental concerns. In this research, the use of activated coconut shell charcoal powder ( ACSCP ) as a sustainable partial replacement for cement...

...Hamed Bayesteh; Saeed Khorshidvand; Mahdi Sharifi Soil–cement columns are often used as retaining structures for deep excavations in coastal areas, but they are exposed to significant bending moments due to soil pressure. Because of the low tensile/flexural strength of soilcrete elements...

... bond cement composite structures fibre Bragg grating sensing technology reinforcement pull-out testing Table 2. Mechanical properties of bars Bar type Bar diameter: mm Steel core diameter: mm Rib height: mm Rib width: mm Rib spacing: mm Yield...

... WATER CEMENT RATIOS DURABILITY SURFACE ABSORPTION CARBONATION FREEZE THAW ABRASION RESISTANCE SULPHATES TECHNOLOGY MANUFACTURE RECYCLING MATERIALS STUDIES EXPERIMENTS FRESH WORKABILITY STABILITY PROPORTIONS HARDENED CURING AIR LOSS CUBES FILLERS PFA PULVERISED FUEL ASH ASH...

...DE MIRANDA BATISTA; E MIRANDA BATISTA; MARTINS DE MIRANDA; L R M D MIRANDA Structural rehabilitation of the Brazilian National Library building E. de Miranda Batista, MSc, DSc, and L. R. Martins de Miranda, MSc, DSc s Corrosion of metals, concrete and cement mortar is one of the main reasons...

...W J MCCARTER; D WATSON © Thomas Telford and ICE 1997 HERIOT WATT UNIVERSITY BLYTH & BLYTH CONCRETE WETTING DRYING ZONES COVER COVER ZONES OPC ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT PLAIN REPLACEMENT PARTIAL PFA ASH FUEL FUEL ASH PULVERISED GGBS GROUND GRANULATED BLAST...

... & Bldgs, 1997, 122, Feb., 27 34 Paper 10990 Written discussion closes 15 April 1997 s The effectiveness of epoxy resins and cementitious repair materials, including silica fume cement, in improving the functional performance of beams and slabs with corroded reinforcement was evaluated. Reinforcement...

...B L HURST © Thomas Telford and ICE 1996 HURST PIERCE & MALCOLM CONCRETE CEMENT USE STRUCTURAL HISTORY BUILDINGS DESIGN ARCHITECTS FOUNDATIONS FIREPROOF FLOODING DEVELOPMENT BINDERS AGGREGATES MORTAR MATERIALS IRON HOOP WROUGHT BRICKWORK REINFORCEMENT FLOORS...

...G SOMERVILLE © Thomas Telford and ICE 1996 BRITISH CEMENT ASSOCIATION BCA CONCRETE CEMENT MATERIALS PROPERTIES PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE HISTORY STANDARDS CONSTRUCTION PRACTICE STRENGTH DESIGN METHODS HISTORIC PORTLAND ALKALI PFA PULVERISED FUEL ASH ASH FUEL SLAG...

...M D JOHNS; G F NORMAN; L J SMITH © Thomas Telford and ICE 1995 SOUTH GLAMORGAN COUNTY ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY DAVIES MIDDLETON & DAVIES TBV STANGER GROUTING POSITIVE APPROACHES PRESTRESSING TENDONS VIADUCTS GROUTS WATER CEMENT RATIOS ADMIXTURES TEMPERATURE...

...M G T DICKSON; S J GREGSON © Thomas Telford and ICE 1995 BURO HAPPOLD SCHLUMBERGER CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LTD MICHAEL HOPKINS TEAM MANAGEMENT LABORATORIES BUILDINGS DESIGN PLANS TWO STOREY FOUNDATIONS SLABS CANTILEVER FERROCEMENT CEMENT OFFICES ROOFS COLUMNS ATRIUM...

...M A SMITH; R MORGAN; R J CURRIE; N J CRAMMOND © Thomas Telford and ICE 1995 BUNYAN MEYER BRISTOL UNIVERSITY CEMENT HIGH ALUMINA CONSTRUCTION ALUMINA HIGH HAC ASSESSMENT BEAMS RESEARCH HISTORY CONCRETE UK DISCUSSION Assessment of existing high alumina cement...

...C A CLEAR © Thomas Telford and ICE 1994 CIVIL & MARINE SLAG CEMENT LTD. CONCRETE FORMWORK STRIKING TIME GROUND GRANULATED BLAST FURNACES SLAG GBS GGBS CEMENT WINTER DURABILITY AGE DEVELOPMENT TEMPERATURE CURING EQUIPMENT IN SITU GRADES AGGREGATES MATERIALS...

...P A M BASHEER; F R MONTGOMERY; A E LONG; BS 5532 © Thomas Telford and ICE 1994 QUEENS UNIVERSITY BELFAST CONCRETE DURABILITY RESEARCH FACTORIAL EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN MIX VARIABLES INGREDIENTS AGGREGATES RATIOS CEMENT CONTENT TORTUOSITY FLOW PATH PERMEABILITY WATER...

... well as a heavy maritime transportation route have been tested and actually employed: a used now by 1400 ships per day, excluding unique construction method for bigand many fishery boats.At the centreof the straits, deep foundations; the development of highly workableconcrete with low-heat cement...

...R J CURRIE; N J CRAMMOND; BRE © Thomas Telford and ICE 1994 BUILDING RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT BRE CEMENT CONSTRUCTION HIGH ALUMINA HAC ALUMINA HIGH ASSESSMENT RISKS CORROSION REINFORCEMENT STRENGTH RESEARCH MATERIALS TESTING TESTS REGIMES PROTECTION CHEMICAL ATTACK...

...G J OSBORNE; BRE © Thomas Telford and ICE 1994 BUILDING RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT BRE CEMENT BRECEM RAPID HARDENING HIGH ALUMINA HAC ALUMINA HIGH GRANULATED BLAST FURNACES SLAG GBS CONCRETE PROPERTIES CHEMICAL THERMAL MORTAR HYDRATION REACTIONS GEHLENITE...

... PRESTRESSING SPANS LOADS SEGMENTS STEEL CONCRETE CEMENT SHIPS IMPACT SHIPPING FORCES TORRIDGE BIDEFORD DEVON UK DISCUSSION Torridge Bridge: design; constructionof PYOC. Instn Civ. Engrs structs & substructure and deck precasting work;Bldgs, 1993,99, Feb., 1 0 1 - ~ ~ ~ erection...

...R K DHIR; M R JONES; M J MCCARTHY © Thomas Telford and ICE 1992 DUNDEE UNIVERSITY PULVERISED FUEL ASH CONCRETE PFA CARBONATION INDUCED REINFORCEMENT CORROSION RATES REINFORCED OPC ORDINARY CEMENT TESTS PROPORTIONS STEEL MOISTURE Pulverized4 uel ash concrete...