Multifunctional protein-based fibrous material using ivy gourd extract Available to Purchase

Bio-based materials are becoming popular due to their environmental friendliness and sustainability. This research investigates the application of ivy gourd (Coccinia grandis) extract as a natural silk dye in conjunction with zinc oxide (ZnO) as a mordant to provide antibacterial and ultraviolet (UV) protection. The CIE Lab test was utilized to assess the dyeing process by measuring color strength (ΔL, Δa, and Δb) under different dyeing periods, mordant concentrations, and shade percentages. Various analytical techniques were used to characterize the treated fabrics, including antimicrobial reduction rate analysis, UV protection factor (UPF) testing, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The integration of flavonoids, tannins, and saponins into the fibers was validated by ATR-FTIR, while SEM demonstrated the homogeneous deposition of bioactive components. At greater ZnO concentrations, UPF tests demonstrated enhanced UV protection; ratings of 35.85, 39.98, and 44.04 were obtained for 1, 2, and 3% ZnO, respectively. High efficacy was shown by antibacterial testing, which showed reductions of 96.36% against Escherichia coli and 99.22% against Staphylococcus aureus. This study emphasizes ZnO’s and ivy gourd’s promise for environmentally friendly, multipurpose textile applications.