...Stefan Hartman Purpose This paper brings together the literature on theories of complexity adaptive systems (CAS), develops an analytical framework, applies this framework to the development of tourism destinations and critically reflects on the use of this perspective. Design/methodology...

... to “fitness landscapes,” a metaphor that is used in complexity theories to visualize development trajectories of adaptive systems. Design/methodology/approach Fitness landscapes, and its underlying theories, are useful to conceptualize tourism area development as a stepwise movement through a dynamic...