... costs caused by road traffic accidents that occurred in Türkiye between 2018 and 2024 were analysed under 11 categories. Data from the Turkish Statistical Institute and the Association of Insurance were utilised. The direct costs included vehicle damage, insurance, medical, legal, road and environmental...

... cost deep reinforcement learning (DRL) dynamic optimisation green transportation reverse logistics transport management UN SDG 11: Sustainable cities and communities Major Programme of the National Social Science Foundation of China 23&ZD051 This work was supported by the Major...

..., the optimal layout for rescue stations is determined, ensuring that the minimum number of stations covers all target locations. In the second stage, a resource allocation model is developed that optimizes the distribution of limited resources among rescue stations by balancing utility and cost. To address...