...Hanzeng Chu; Yingxue Lv; Shengtao Du; Guoxiang Wu; Youxiang Lu; Bingchen Liang The local scour around bridge piers poses a significant threat to the stability of coastal and fluvial structures. Although extensive research has been conducted on scour under unidirectional currents or waves, studies...

... scour scouring countermeasures Local scouring around a pier inserted in a flow field is one of the main reasons for bridge instability and, consequently, bridge failure (Okhravi et al., 2022). A pier aligned with approaching flow causes a three-dimensional (3D) separation of the flow...