... bridges railway systems river engineering In view of these limitations, this paper will investigate the efficacy of a relatively new technique, based on genetic algorithms (GAs), to seek relatively simple and compact functional approximations of bridge pier scour depth in coarse bed streams. Use...

... were attributed to the process of internal erosion (Bonnefoy and Royet, 1994). ICE Publishing: All rights reserved 2015 floods & floodworks railway systems risk & probability analysis This paper presents recent work undertaken on the flood protection system on the lower...

... 2.2) • output (production of tangible information to target investment into maintenance activities and reduce service disruptions; Section 2.3). maintenance & inspection railway systems sewers & drains Table 1 provides further details and methods on how the inputs were...