... coefficients γ specific weight of the water (N/m^{3) ε energy dissipation per unit mass (m2/s3) ν kinematic viscosity of water (m2/s) CFD computational fluid dynamics hydraulics & hydrodynamics river engineering Standard}...

... Limited Licensed re-use rights only bidirectional tidal flow bridges complex pier experimental study flow attack angle local scour river engineering sands scour depth sustainable development UN SDG 9: Industry innovation and infrastructure water flow Open Fund of the State Key...

...-induced rock dislodgement of rock weirs, effective control of the similarity in weir void ratio needs to be considered. 4 U g D 0.5   ∝   f h t z , D z flow dislodgement models (physical) river engineering rock weir scale effect void...

... only adjoint assimilation method dams, barrages & reservoirs hydrology & water resource inverse problem longitudinal riverbed profile river engineering water surface line A area of cross-section (m^{2) B width of cross-section (m}...

... approaches y_e; and t is time. The general solution of Equation 2 can be expressed as: 26 09 2023 05 04 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited: All rights reserved 2025 bar–pool configurations geology hydrology & water resource river engineering...

... and Mountain River Engineering at Sichuan University, China (see Figure 1). The glass side-wall section, with a total length of 12 m, was located in the middle of the flume and is the primary measurement section of the experiment. The starting position of the glass section is recorded as x = 0.0 m...

...-Samani and Keihanpour (2021) and Shemshi and Kabiri-Samani (2017) . dams, barrages & reservoirs discharge coefficient hydraulics & hydrodynamics marguerite-shaped inlet (MSI) numerical methods numerical modelling orifice flow regime river engineering swirling flow vertical shaft...

... the abbreviations used in this paper are defined in the Appendix. 19 09 2022 21 08 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited: All rights reserved 2024 data mining modelling river engineering water flow The movement of water in rivers is known as the river flow, which is constantly changing...

... the downscaled W weir was 2.0D in size and 1.0D high, placed 2.0D distant from the pier. countermeasures erosion and bridges pier river engineering scour W weir water flow ∅ cr = 0.013 D ∗ 0.29 for 20 < D ∗ ≤ 150 Critical bed...

... tests river engineering Figure 1. Jump types at a drop: (a) A-jump; (b) maximum-wave jump; (c) minimum-wave jump; (d) B-jump Lopardo and Romagnoli (2009) , Defina et al. (2008) , Ferreri and Nasello (2002) and Daneshfaraz et al. (2022) studied the effects...

... is the gravitational force of water in the direction of flow. Combining Equations 1 and 2 , the mean wall shear stress is: Emerald Publishing Limited: All rights reserved 2023 fluid mechanics hydraulics & hydrodynamics river engineering shear waterways & canals 3 τ...

... bedform migration bridge pier hydraulics & hydrodynamics instream structures live-bed scour river engineering sedimentation submerged weir The experiments (Guan, 2015 ; Wang, 2018 ; Yang, 2020) were conducted in two sediment-recirculating tilting flumes. The first flume, in which...

... transport (river regime conditions) applicable to the river (Shahosainy et al., 2018). hydraulics & hydrodynamics meandering channel river engineering sediment supply water flow 1 Z ¯ w = 1 Δ t ∫ 0 Δ t Z w d t The velocity...

... rights reserved 2023 dams, barrages & reservoirs hydraulics & hydrodynamics river engineering Figure 1. Different types of swirling flow at intakes (Knauss, 1987) Binnie and Hookings (1948) experimentally investigated swirling flow at two vertical pipes, fitted...

... JT oscillations FS fluctuations FS profile 05 06 2021 18 01 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited: All rights reserved 2023 air entrainment bubble count fluid mechanics free-surface fluctuation hydraulic jump hydraulics & hydrodynamics pre-aeration river...

... channel flow characteristics hydraulics & hydrodynamics momentum overbank flow river engineering secondary flow turbulent characteristics Meandering rivers are one of the most common channel patterns and normally develop in alluvial plains of lower reaches (Dey, 2014). Meandering rivers...

... bed shear stress can be determined from Reynolds stress as: 24 05 2021 03 09 2021 ICE Publishing: All rights reserved 2021 river engineering statistical analysis stress analysis Some geological disasters (e.g. collapse, landslides, debris flow) are easily induced...

... . 17 05 2021 17 05 2021 ICE Publishing: All rights reserved 2021 dams, barrages & reservoirs hydraulics & hydrodynamics river engineering In Equations 1–4 , v r ¯ , v θ ¯ , v z ¯ represent the mean velocities and v ′ r...

... to 0.8 and then to 0.9 (Figure 3). Figure 3. Step-wise hydrograph used in the experiments 15 07 2020 17 05 2021 ICE Publishing: All rights reserved 2021 bridges hydraulics & hydrodynamics river engineering In the past, several studies were conducted...

... & hydrodynamics river engineering A theoretical relationship between the conjugate depths d₁ and d₂ can be derived from the momentum equation as 2 d 2 / d 1 = 0.5 × ( 1 + 8 × F r 1 2 − 1 ) The aim of the study...