...Guoyang Liu This paper introduces normal systems and the normal sum of general systems. A system S=(M,R) is normal if and only if any two relations in R are not contained in the same Cartesian product Mⁿ for any ordinary number n. Normal sum is a new kind of decomposition (composition...

... to affect the whole automaton's nanostructure. The problem consists in the difficulty of setting forth causal links bridging the whole hierarchy, from the nanoscale up to the macroscopic structure‐functions. © MCB UP Limited 2003 Cybernetics General systems On the background of previous...

...Alex M. Andrew © MCB UP Limited 2003 --> General systems Ecology Economics Keywords: General systems, Ecology, Economics Abstract Internet discussions having a bearing on the relevance of systems theory to world order are reviewed, as well as sites offering...

...Ibrahim Garro Yi   Lin . General Systems Theory: A Mathematical Approach . New York, USA : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers   1999 . xiv + 382 pp. , ISBN: 0‐306‐45944‐2 (hardcover)   US$115.00 One part of the IFSR International Series on Systems Science and Engineering...

...Fuyong Lin; T.C. Edwin Cheng Abstract To develop a general systems theory, many scientists have tried their best to reveal the principles and laws of general systems in the context of general systems research, and much further efforts still need to be made. This paper aims to achieve...

...Fuyong Lin; T.C. Edwin Cheng Based on several new concepts, this paper mathematically deduces a new model of general systems, namely, the structural model of general systems. By its mathematical analysis, the principles and laws of general systems can be mathematically achieved, which can not only...

...Zhenqiu Ren; Yi Lin; Shoucheng OuYang An intuitive understanding of the concept of general systems is drawn. Based on this understanding, a law of conservation is guessed. To further confirm our guesswork, some aspects of quantum physics, astronomy, meteorology, multi‐body systems, chemistry, etc...