... methods and game theory. Findings This paper explains models of reflexive games on oligopoly market, taking into account the diversity of agents’ reasoning about strategies of environing and equilibrium mechanisms for coincidence or opposition of agents’ reflexive reasoning on the same rank...

...Maryam Tayefeh Mahmoudi; Kambiz Badie; Mahmood Kharrat Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a new approach for organizing texts for researchers based on projection from researcher space (consisting of reasoning ability and research ability) onto text space (consisting of text features...

...Kambiz Badie To add the flavor of creativity to analogical reasoning, an intermediate space has been proposed to be included between source and target, so that the inputs in the source can be interpreted in terms of some navigating concepts in this layer for further reinterpretation in the target...

...Wu Chen In this paper, the author puts forward an incongruous imprecise reasoning model in expert systems from the viewpoints of pansystems methodology and suggests some new algebra algorithms for propagating uncertainty factors in this model. It identifies the existing reasoning models...

...Alex M. Andrew This is a hefty tome with 23 papers from members of the IRIS Group, each one a substantial contribution of 24 pages on average. The acronym IRIS expands as “Integration of Reasoning, Informing, and Serving” and is explained in the Preface by the primary author. The members...