... in identifying appropriability mechanisms (e.g. patents, copyright, secrecy, lead time and complexity of innovations) to ensure the commercial exploitation of innovations and the consolidation of competitive advantages (Hurmelinna-Laukkanen, 2012 ; Papazoglou and Spanos, 2021). After extensive research, it has...

... in understanding owner identity characteristics in Spanish-European context. Human capital Ownership structure Appropriability Owner identity Rents Wage intensity H1b. Family ownership will have a negative effect on wage intensity. H1c. State ownership will have a positive effect...

... through examining roles of absorptive capacity and appropriability regimes and the interplay between them. An appropriability regime can play a dual role when external knowledge and the knowledge‐base of the firm form the basis for absorptive capacity, which then contributes to innovation performance...