...Yexin Liu; Ziqing Zhou; Weiwei Wu Purpose Although the literature has highlighted that a firm’s board is critical for firm innovation, the impact of board characteristics on firm innovation has always been examined separately, leading to inconclusive research results. Based on the complexity...

... and governance (ESG) controversies. This paper empirically examines the relationship between the board characteristics of banks (i.e. size, gender diversity, meeting frequency, sustainability compensation incentives and the presence of a sustainability committee) and exposure to ESG-related controversies...