... For games with pre-existing coalition structures, Owen (1977) extended the Shapley value to account for a priori unions, recognizing that in many practical settings (including co-working networks), agents naturally cluster into groups based on organizational affiliation, geographical proximity...

... Monte Carlo simulation Shapley value Loan insurance Associated loans Bankruptcy cost G21 G22 C63 The insurances of bank loans can cover credit losses in the event of default and thus reduce banks’ exposure at default. Loss given default (LGD), which is defined as 1 minus the recovery...