... the first manufacturer’s profits. Third, when C2M costs are below the threshold, case CC achieves an equilibrium for the platform and the manufacturers. Case CN cannot achieve equilibrium, regardless of the C2M cost level. Fourth, consumer surplus and social welfare are optimal in case CC. Originality...

... relations Democracy Management history Scientific management Social welfare Born in 1883, van Kleeck was educated at the all‐female Smith College, which engendered in its students a commitment to redressing the “evils of society” (Alchon, 1999 , p. 63). She subsequently completed post‐graduate...