...Fiorenza Meucci; Annamaria Zampella; Alessandra Allini; Bikki Jaggi Purpose This paper aims to investigate whether the use of unconditional conservatism preempts the use of conditional conservatism across different stages of firm life cycle. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a sample...

... that pledging of shares by the controlling shareholders results in higher conditional conservatism and lower unconditional conservatism. Further analysis reveals that the relationship is stronger when the controlling shareholder holds a majority ownership in the firm. Additionally, the results show...

... conditional conservatism to monitor executive directors (Ahmed and Henry, 2012). These practices will then be spread across the firms by busy non-executive directors via their interlocking ties (Kang and Tan, 2008). We expect busy directors’ impact on conditional and unconditional conservatism...