..., such as poverty, a lack of income, ethnic/racial minorities and Indian reservations, but the pattern is less consistent in metropolitan areas, where they are negatively related to African Americans and Hispanics and unrelated to poverty. Indeed, numerous deserts exist in relatively affluent metro areas...

... the concept of microfinance, the MFI and various modalities of delivery of financial services to the poor have contributed to the development efforts of Bangladesh where a large number of people live below the poverty line. Research limitations/implications The paper is based on data and information...

... populations. As such, it holds a variety of implications for government and other policymakers as they consider innovative ways to reduce poverty and human suffering around the globe. Originality/value It is anticipated that this field study will contribute to the furtherance of literature on the effects...