...Mahyar Arefi This article explores the relationship between knowledge and sustainable placemaking. Distinguishing between “expert knowledge” and “local knowledge,” it first problematizes expert knowledge, and then traces the local knowledge approach to placemaking. The widening gap between expert...

... and the hybrid planning strategies more effective. K e y w o r d s : Hybrid Planning; Local Knowledge; Professional Knowledge; Knowledge of the Locale; Local Assets. TWO INNER CITY NEIGHBOURHOODS By the early 1970s both Tel Aviv and Haifa suffered an inner-city decline, as other cities worldwide. Aging buildings...