... Publishing Limited 2026 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Social media Twitter Political communication Political engagement Spain Electoral campaign Candidate messaging on social media is pivotal in election campaigns, serving as a bridge between political actors...

..., in general, increase the popularity of information across platforms. The effect is found most consistently for negative discrete emotions, such as anger, anxiety, sadness and fear. Positivity bias is often identified in health communication, while negativity bias is prevalent in political communication...

.... © Emerald Publishing Limited 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Evidence type Fact-checking Psychological reactance Political communication Veracity Hong Kong To contain and limit the impact of misinformation, fact-checking efforts have been active...

... Social media news Political communication Yonghwan Kim is the corresponding author and can be contacted at: yhkim17@gmail.com According to the literature on political knowledge, using traditional news outlets is an effective strategy to consume accurate and trustworthy information...

... Political communication Social media Public sphere 2016 US presidential election Qualitative research methods Kyle John Lorenzano can be contacted at: kyle.lorenzano@wsu.edu 10 12 2017 23 03 2018 23 05 2018 Habermas (2006) further clarifies this relationship between...