Keywords: Accountability
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Journal Articles
Policing: An International Journal 1–18.
Published: 21 August 2026
...Benjamin Carleton; Thomas Christoff Purpose Early intervention (EI) systems have been implemented in law enforcement agencies across the country as a tool for improving accountability, officer wellness, and overall data management. While the term “early intervention system” is commonly used within...
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Articles
Policing: An International Journal 1–16.
Published: 21 April 2026
...Elliott Idol; Sanja Kutnjak Ivković; Adri Sauerman Purpose The purpose of our study is to explore how police respond to reported cases of police sexual violence (PSV). Design/methodology/approach This study uses annual police oversight agency reports and newspaper accounts to explore police...
Journal Articles
Policing: An International Journal (2025) 48 (3): 518–536.
Published: 13 February 2025
... accountability, performance and professionalism significantly and positively influence public trust in the Somali police force. Practical implications This study provides practical recommendations for Somalia’s policymakers and law enforcement agencies. It emphasizes the importance of implementing stronger...
Journal Articles
Policing: An International Journal (2023) 46 (4): 601–622.
Published: 29 June 2023
... Limited 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Police oversight Civilian review Reform Accountability RQ2. What are the opposing perspectives? The language used to describe oversight of police investigations, review, and recommendations...
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Policing: An International Journal (2021) 44 (5): 800–817.
Published: 07 June 2021
... Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Machine learning Police misconduct Accountability Police accountability typically relies upon the investigation of officers for instances of organizational or criminal malfeasance. This process is typically driven by complaints made against...
Journal Articles
Policing: An International Journal (2020) 43 (4): 643–658.
Published: 10 July 2020
... and six are individual agency studies. Findings across studies are generally positive but overall relatively inconsistent with regard to EI systems' effectiveness. Practical implications Police agencies benefit in identifying and addressing at-risk officers to ensure police accountability and officer...
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Policing: An International Journal (2015) 38 (3): 578–594.
Published: 17 August 2015
... item, officers were asked to respond on a five-point, Likert-type scale from (1=N/A (no such policy in department), 2=very unlikely, 3=unlikely, 4=likely, 5=very likely). The N/A responses were included to capture whether a policy exists and account for the fact that very unlikely enforcement...
Journal Articles
Policing: An International Journal (2015) 38 (2): 265–278.
Published: 18 May 2015
... two factors that have been closely associated with policing change (Crank et al., 2010). The first focusses on the relationship between the police and the public, and the need for the police to maintain their legitimacy while being accountable for their actions (Keane and Bell, 2013 ; Tyler...
Journal Articles
Policing: An International Journal (2014) 37 (2): 285–304.
Published: 13 May 2014
... measure they employ. Originality/value – This study employs a longitudinal data set which follows a cohort of officers from the start of their careers, and is thus ideal for exploring the onset of misconduct. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2014 Misconduct Accountability...
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Policing: An International Journal (2013) 36 (2): 295–311.
Published: 24 May 2013
... and accountability throughout the organization. The impact evaluation found that the crimes addressed in the implementation – theft from vehicle – did decrease overall and when compared to other crime types and to neighboring jurisdictions. Research limitations/implications The limitations of the research...
Journal Articles

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