... the police to report cases of rape-by-police, is limited in its independence. Furthermore, our study shows that because the IPID only recommends discipline to the police, the likelihood of discipline being meted out for rape-by-police cases is low. Originality/value Previous literature on police sexual...

... decreased over a decade. The code of silence seems to protect less serious examples of police misconduct more strongly than more serious examples of police misconduct. Furthermore, the extent of the code of silence and perceptions of discipline severity are closely related in situations in which...

...Sanja Kutnjak Ivkovich; Aleksandr Khechumyan Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the extent and nature of police integrity in Armenia. It analyses police officer views about misconduct seriousness, appropriate and expected discipline, and willingness to report misconduct. Design...

...Sanja Kutnjak Ivković; Tara O'Connor Shelley Purpose This paper aims to explore how police officer rank affects the relation between the extent of the code of silence and views of discipline fairness. Design/methodology/approach In 2005, 150 police supervisors and 450 line officers from East...

... one. Police Police reform Attitudes Police misconduct Discipline Policing This exploratory study evaluates the satisfaction of citizens and police officers who participated in New York City (NYC) Civilian Complaint Review Board (CCRB) mediation. This research also discovers police...

... officers are disciplined for these acts. This article sheds light on the subject by providing an analysis of the disciplinary measures taken by the Florida Criminal Justice Standards and Training Commission against law enforcement officers found guilty of sexual harassment. This article describes the role...

... spirit and norms of the organization. © MCB UP Limited 2000 Police Israel Discipline Despite the social expectation that the police force should set an example to the public at large, police officers are often suspected and sometimes even convicted for violation of civil rights, abuse...

... Police Department for the period 1991‐1998 to study the extent to which gender parity exists in the formal disciplinary system. Three questions are investigated: (1) Is there an observable gender disproportionality in the police discipline punishment rates? (2) Is any observed gender disproportionality...