... at: mariercj@appstate.edu 31 01 2023 01 06 2023 03 06 2023 © Emerald Publishing Limited 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Research on state violence against civilians suggests that citizen dissent increases repression and police brutality (Carey, 2006...

... No. 2 , pp. 178 - 193 . *Holmes , M.D. (2000), “ Minority threat and police brutality: determinants of civil rights criminal complaints in U.S. municipalities ”, Criminology , Vol. 38 No. 2 , pp. 343 - 367 . *Jefferis , E. , Butcher , F. and Hanley , D. (2011...

... included: “use of force,” “race” and “police use of force,” “disproportionate minority contact” and “use of force,” “black lives matter” and “use of force,” “police brutality,” “race” and “use of force,” “racial resentment” and “use of force,” “ethnicity” and “use of force,” and “use of force in minority...